| 1 | | <?php |
| 2 | | // $Id: schema.inc,v 1.4 2008/10/31 15:46:16 webchick Exp $ |
| 3 | | |
| 4 | | /** |
| 5 | | * @file |
| 6 | | * Generic Database schema code. |
| 7 | | */ |
| 8 | | |
| 9 | | /** |
| 10 | | * @defgroup schemaapi Schema API |
| 11 | | * @{ |
| 12 | | * |
| 13 | | * A Drupal schema definition is an array structure representing one or |
| 14 | | * more tables and their related keys and indexes. A schema is defined by |
| 15 | | * hook_schema(), which usually lives in a modulename.install file. |
| 16 | | * |
| 17 | | * By implementing hook_schema() and specifying the tables your module |
| 18 | | * declares, you can easily create and drop these tables on all |
| 19 | | * supported database engines. You don't have to deal with the |
| 20 | | * different SQL dialects for table creation and alteration of the |
| 21 | | * supported database engines. |
| 22 | | * |
| 23 | | * hook_schema() should return an array with a key for each table that |
| 24 | | * the module defines. |
| 25 | | * |
| 26 | | * The following keys are defined: |
| 27 | | * |
| 28 | | * - 'description': A string describing this table and its purpose. |
| 29 | | * References to other tables should be enclosed in |
| 30 | | * curly-brackets. For example, the node_revisions table |
| 31 | | * description field might contain "Stores per-revision title and |
| 32 | | * body data for each {node}." |
| 33 | | * - 'fields': An associative array ('fieldname' => specification) |
| 34 | | * that describes the table's database columns. The specification |
| 35 | | * is also an array. The following specification parameters are
defined: |
| 36 | | * |
| 37 | | * - 'description': A string describing this field and its purpose. |
| 38 | | * References to other tables should be enclosed in |
| 39 | | * curly-brackets. For example, the node table vid field |
| 40 | | * description might contain "Always holds the largest (most |
| 41 | | * recent) {node_revisions}.vid value for this nid." |
| 42 | | * - 'type': The generic datatype: 'varchar', 'int', 'serial' |
| 43 | | * 'float', 'numeric', 'text', 'blob' or 'datetime'. Most types |
| 44 | | * just map to the according database engine specific |
| 45 | | * datatypes. Use 'serial' for auto incrementing fields. This |
| 46 | | * will expand to 'int auto_increment' on mysql. |
| 47 | | * - 'size': The data size: 'tiny', 'small', 'medium', 'normal', |
| 48 | | * 'big'. This is a hint about the largest value the field will |
| 49 | | * store and determines which of the database engine specific |
| 50 | | * datatypes will be used (e.g. on MySQL, TINYINT vs. INT vs.
BIGINT). |
| 51 | | * 'normal', the default, selects the base type (e.g. on MySQL, |
| 52 | | * INT, VARCHAR, BLOB, etc.). |
| 53 | | * |
| 54 | | * Not all sizes are available for all data types. See |
| 55 | | * db_type_map() for possible combinations. |
| 56 | | * - 'not null': If true, no NULL values will be allowed in this |
| 57 | | * database column. Defaults to false. |
| 58 | | * - 'default': The field's default value. The PHP type of the |
| 59 | | * value matters: '', '0', and 0 are all different. If you |
| 60 | | * specify '0' as the default value for a type 'int' field it |
| 61 | | * will not work because '0' is a string containing the |
| 62 | | * character "zero", not an integer. |
| 63 | | * - 'length': The maximal length of a type 'varchar' or 'text' |
| 64 | | * field. Ignored for other field types. |
| 65 | | * - 'unsigned': A boolean indicating whether a type 'int', 'float' |
| 66 | | * and 'numeric' only is signed or unsigned. Defaults to |
| 67 | | * FALSE. Ignored for other field types. |
| 68 | | * - 'precision', 'scale': For type 'numeric' fields, indicates |
| 69 | | * the precision (total number of significant digits) and scale |
| 70 | | * (decimal digits right of the decimal point). Both values are |
| 71 | | * mandatory. Ignored for other field types. |
| 72 | | * |
| 73 | | * All parameters apart from 'type' are optional except that type |
| 74 | | * 'numeric' columns must specify 'precision' and 'scale'. |
| 75 | | * |
| 76 | | * - 'primary key': An array of one or more key column specifiers (see
below) |
| 77 | | * that form the primary key. |
| 78 | | * - 'unique key': An associative array of unique keys ('keyname' => |
| 79 | | * specification). Each specification is an array of one or more |
| 80 | | * key column specifiers (see below) that form a unique key on the
table. |
| 81 | | * - 'indexes': An associative array of indexes ('indexame' => |
| 82 | | * specification). Each specification is an array of one or more |
| 83 | | * key column specifiers (see below) that form an index on the |
| 84 | | * table. |
| 85 | | * |
| 86 | | * A key column specifier is either a string naming a column or an |
| 87 | | * array of two elements, column name and length, specifying a prefix |
| 88 | | * of the named column. |
| 89 | | * |
| 90 | | * As an example, here is a SUBSET of the schema definition for |
| 91 | | * Drupal's 'node' table. It show four fields (nid, vid, type, and |
| 92 | | * title), the primary key on field 'nid', a unique key named 'vid' on |
| 93 | | * field 'vid', and two indexes, one named 'nid' on field 'nid' and |
| 94 | | * one named 'node_title_type' on the field 'title' and the first four |
| 95 | | * bytes of the field 'type': |
| 96 | | * |
| 97 | | * @code |
| 98 | | * $schema['node'] = array( |
| 99 | | * 'fields' => array( |
| 100 | | * 'nid' => array('type' => 'serial', 'unsigned' => TRUE, 'not
null' => TRUE), |
| 101 | | * 'vid' => array('type' => 'int', 'unsigned' => TRUE, 'not null'
=> TRUE, 'default' => 0), |
| 102 | | * 'type' => array('type' => 'varchar', 'length' => 32, 'not null'
=> TRUE, 'default' => ''), |
| 103 | | * 'title' => array('type' => 'varchar', 'length' => 128, 'not null'
=> TRUE, 'default' => ''), |
| 104 | | * ), |
| 105 | | * 'primary key' => array('nid'), |
| 106 | | * 'unique keys' => array( |
| 107 | | * 'vid' => array('vid') |
| 108 | | * ), |
| 109 | | * 'indexes' => array( |
| 110 | | * 'nid' => array('nid'), |
| 111 | | * 'node_title_type' => array('title', array('type', 4)), |
| 112 | | * ), |
| 113 | | * ); |
| 114 | | * @endcode |
| 115 | | * |
| 116 | | * @see drupal_install_schema() |
| 117 | | */ |
| 118 | | |
| 119 | 137 | abstract class DatabaseSchema { |
| 120 | | |
| 121 | | protected $connection; |
| 122 | | |
| 123 | | public function __construct($connection) { |
| 124 | 137 | $this->connection = $connection; |
| 125 | 137 | } |
| 126 | | |
| 127 | | /** |
| 128 | | * Check if a table exists. |
| 129 | | */ |
| 130 | | abstract public function tableExists($table); |
| 131 | | |
| 132 | | /** |
| 133 | | * Check if a column exists in the given table. |
| 134 | | */ |
| 135 | | abstract public function columnExists($table, $column); |
| 136 | | |
| 137 | | /** |
| 138 | | * This maps a generic data type in combination with its data size |
| 139 | | * to the engine-specific data type. |
| 140 | | */ |
| 141 | | abstract public function getFieldTypeMap(); |
| 142 | | |
| 143 | | /** |
| 144 | | * Rename a table. |
| 145 | | * |
| 146 | | * @param $ret |
| 147 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 148 | | * @param $table |
| 149 | | * The table to be renamed. |
| 150 | | * @param $new_name |
| 151 | | * The new name for the table. |
| 152 | | */ |
| 153 | | abstract public function renameTable(&$ret, $table, $new_name); |
| 154 | | |
| 155 | | /** |
| 156 | | * Drop a table. |
| 157 | | * |
| 158 | | * @param $ret |
| 159 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 160 | | * @param $table |
| 161 | | * The table to be dropped. |
| 162 | | */ |
| 163 | | abstract public function dropTable(&$ret, $table); |
| 164 | | |
| 165 | | /** |
| 166 | | * Add a new field to a table. |
| 167 | | * |
| 168 | | * @param $ret |
| 169 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 170 | | * @param $table |
| 171 | | * Name of the table to be altered. |
| 172 | | * @param $field |
| 173 | | * Name of the field to be added. |
| 174 | | * @param $spec |
| 175 | | * The field specification array, as taken from a schema definition. |
| 176 | | * The specification may also contain the key 'initial', the newly |
| 177 | | * created field will be set to the value of the key in all rows. |
| 178 | | * This is most useful for creating NOT NULL columns with no default |
| 179 | | * value in existing tables. |
| 180 | | * @param $keys_new |
| 181 | | * Optional keys and indexes specification to be created on the |
| 182 | | * table along with adding the field. The format is the same as a |
| 183 | | * table specification but without the 'fields' element. If you are |
| 184 | | * adding a type 'serial' field, you MUST specify at least one key |
| 185 | | * or index including it in this array. @see db_change_field for more |
| 186 | | * explanation why. |
| 187 | | */ |
| 188 | | abstract public function addField(&$ret, $table, $field, $spec, $keys_new
= array()); |
| 189 | | |
| 190 | | /** |
| 191 | | * Drop a field. |
| 192 | | * |
| 193 | | * @param $ret |
| 194 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 195 | | * @param $table |
| 196 | | * The table to be altered. |
| 197 | | * @param $field |
| 198 | | * The field to be dropped. |
| 199 | | */ |
| 200 | | abstract public function dropField(&$ret, $table, $field); |
| 201 | | |
| 202 | | /** |
| 203 | | * Set the default value for a field. |
| 204 | | * |
| 205 | | * @param $ret |
| 206 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 207 | | * @param $table |
| 208 | | * The table to be altered. |
| 209 | | * @param $field |
| 210 | | * The field to be altered. |
| 211 | | * @param $default |
| 212 | | * Default value to be set. NULL for 'default NULL'. |
| 213 | | */ |
| 214 | | abstract public function fieldSetDefault(&$ret, $table, $field,
$default); |
| 215 | | |
| 216 | | /** |
| 217 | | * Set a field to have no default value. |
| 218 | | * |
| 219 | | * @param $ret |
| 220 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 221 | | * @param $table |
| 222 | | * The table to be altered. |
| 223 | | * @param $field |
| 224 | | * The field to be altered. |
| 225 | | */ |
| 226 | | abstract public function fieldSetNoDefault(&$ret, $table, $field); |
| 227 | | |
| 228 | | /** |
| 229 | | * Add a primary key. |
| 230 | | * |
| 231 | | * @param $ret |
| 232 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 233 | | * @param $table |
| 234 | | * The table to be altered. |
| 235 | | * @param $fields |
| 236 | | * Fields for the primary key. |
| 237 | | */ |
| 238 | | abstract public function addPrimaryKey(&$ret, $table, $fields); |
| 239 | | |
| 240 | | /** |
| 241 | | * Drop the primary key. |
| 242 | | * |
| 243 | | * @param $ret |
| 244 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 245 | | * @param $table |
| 246 | | * The table to be altered. |
| 247 | | */ |
| 248 | | abstract public function dropPrimaryKey(&$ret, $table); |
| 249 | | |
| 250 | | /** |
| 251 | | * Add a unique key. |
| 252 | | * |
| 253 | | * @param $ret |
| 254 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 255 | | * @param $table |
| 256 | | * The table to be altered. |
| 257 | | * @param $name |
| 258 | | * The name of the key. |
| 259 | | * @param $fields |
| 260 | | * An array of field names. |
| 261 | | */ |
| 262 | | abstract public function addUniqueKey(&$ret, $table, $name, $fields); |
| 263 | | |
| 264 | | /** |
| 265 | | * Drop a unique key. |
| 266 | | * |
| 267 | | * @param $ret |
| 268 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 269 | | * @param $table |
| 270 | | * The table to be altered. |
| 271 | | * @param $name |
| 272 | | * The name of the key. |
| 273 | | */ |
| 274 | | abstract public function dropUniqueKey(&$ret, $table, $name); |
| 275 | | |
| 276 | | /** |
| 277 | | * Add an index. |
| 278 | | * |
| 279 | | * @param $ret |
| 280 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 281 | | * @param $table |
| 282 | | * The table to be altered. |
| 283 | | * @param $name |
| 284 | | * The name of the index. |
| 285 | | * @param $fields |
| 286 | | * An array of field names. |
| 287 | | */ |
| 288 | | abstract public function addIndex(&$ret, $table, $name, $fields); |
| 289 | | |
| 290 | | /** |
| 291 | | * Drop an index. |
| 292 | | * |
| 293 | | * @param $ret |
| 294 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 295 | | * @param $table |
| 296 | | * The table to be altered. |
| 297 | | * @param $name |
| 298 | | * The name of the index. |
| 299 | | */ |
| 300 | | abstract public function dropIndex(&$ret, $table, $name); |
| 301 | | |
| 302 | | |
| 303 | | /** |
| 304 | | * Change a field definition. |
| 305 | | * |
| 306 | | * IMPORTANT NOTE: To maintain database portability, you have to
explicitly |
| 307 | | * recreate all indices and primary keys that are using the changed
field. |
| 308 | | * |
| 309 | | * That means that you have to drop all affected keys and indexes with |
| 310 | | * db_drop_{primary_key,unique_key,index}() before calling
db_change_field(). |
| 311 | | * To recreate the keys and indices, pass the key definitions as the |
| 312 | | * optional $keys_new argument directly to db_change_field(). |
| 313 | | * |
| 314 | | * For example, suppose you have: |
| 315 | | * @code |
| 316 | | * $schema['foo'] = array( |
| 317 | | * 'fields' => array( |
| 318 | | * 'bar' => array('type' => 'int', 'not null' => TRUE) |
| 319 | | * ), |
| 320 | | * 'primary key' => array('bar') |
| 321 | | * ); |
| 322 | | * @endcode |
| 323 | | * and you want to change foo.bar to be type serial, leaving it as the |
| 324 | | * primary key. The correct sequence is: |
| 325 | | * @code |
| 326 | | * db_drop_primary_key($ret, 'foo'); |
| 327 | | * db_change_field($ret, 'foo', 'bar', 'bar', |
| 328 | | * array('type' => 'serial', 'not null' => TRUE), |
| 329 | | * array('primary key' => array('bar'))); |
| 330 | | * @endcode |
| 331 | | * |
| 332 | | * The reasons for this are due to the different database engines: |
| 333 | | * |
| 334 | | * On PostgreSQL, changing a field definition involves adding a new field |
| 335 | | * and dropping an old one which* causes any indices, primary keys and |
| 336 | | * sequences (from serial-type fields) that use the changed field to be
dropped. |
| 337 | | * |
| 338 | | * On MySQL, all type 'serial' fields must be part of at least one key |
| 339 | | * or index as soon as they are created. You cannot use |
| 340 | | * db_add_{primary_key,unique_key,index}() for this purpose because |
| 341 | | * the ALTER TABLE command will fail to add the column without a key |
| 342 | | * or index specification. The solution is to use the optional |
| 343 | | * $keys_new argument to create the key or index at the same time as |
| 344 | | * field. |
| 345 | | * |
| 346 | | * You could use db_add_{primary_key,unique_key,index}() in all cases |
| 347 | | * unless you are converting a field to be type serial. You can use |
| 348 | | * the $keys_new argument in all cases. |
| 349 | | * |
| 350 | | * @param $ret |
| 351 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 352 | | * @param $table |
| 353 | | * Name of the table. |
| 354 | | * @param $field |
| 355 | | * Name of the field to change. |
| 356 | | * @param $field_new |
| 357 | | * New name for the field (set to the same as $field if you don't want
to change the name). |
| 358 | | * @param $spec |
| 359 | | * The field specification for the new field. |
| 360 | | * @param $keys_new |
| 361 | | * Optional keys and indexes specification to be created on the |
| 362 | | * table along with changing the field. The format is the same as a |
| 363 | | * table specification but without the 'fields' element. |
| 364 | | */ |
| 365 | | abstract public function changeField(&$ret, $table, $field, $field_new,
$spec, $keys_new = array()); |
| 366 | | |
| 367 | | /** |
| 368 | | * Create a new table from a Drupal table definition. |
| 369 | | * |
| 370 | | * @param $ret |
| 371 | | * Array to which query results will be added. |
| 372 | | * @param $name |
| 373 | | * The name of the table to create. |
| 374 | | * @param $table |
| 375 | | * A Schema API table definition array. |
| 376 | | */ |
| 377 | | public function createTable(&$ret, $name, $table) { |
| 378 | 136 | $statements = $this->createTableSql($name, $table); |
| 379 | 136 | foreach ($statements as $statement) { |
| 380 | 136 | $ret[] = update_sql($statement); |
| 381 | 136 | } |
| 382 | 136 | } |
| 383 | | |
| 384 | | /** |
| 385 | | * Return an array of field names from an array of key/index column
specifiers. |
| 386 | | * |
| 387 | | * This is usually an identity function but if a key/index uses a column
prefix |
| 388 | | * specification, this function extracts just the name. |
| 389 | | * |
| 390 | | * @param $fields |
| 391 | | * An array of key/index column specifiers. |
| 392 | | * @return |
| 393 | | * An array of field names. |
| 394 | | */ |
| 395 | | public function fieldNames($fields) { |
| 396 | 0 | $ret = array(); |
| 397 | 0 | foreach ($fields as $field) { |
| 398 | 0 | if (is_array($field)) { |
| 399 | 0 | $ret[] = $field[0]; |
| 400 | 0 | } |
| 401 | | else { |
| 402 | 0 | $ret[] = $field; |
| 403 | | } |
| 404 | 0 | } |
| 405 | 0 | return $ret; |
| 406 | 0 | } |
| 407 | | |
| 408 | | /** |
| 409 | | * Find all tables that are like the specified base table name. |
| 410 | | * |
| 411 | | * @param $table_expression |
| 412 | | * An SQL expression, for example "simpletest%" (without the quotes). |
| 413 | | * BEWARE: this is not prefixed, the caller should take care of that. |
| 414 | | * @return |
| 415 | | * Array, both the keys and the values are the matching tables. |
| 416 | | */ |
| 417 | | public function findTables($table_expression) { |
| 418 | 1 | global $db_prefix; |
| 419 | 1 | $info = Database::getConnectionInfo(); |
| 420 | 1 | $result = db_query("SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables
WHERE table_schema = :database AND table_name LIKE :table_name", array( |
| 421 | 1 | ':database' => $info['default']['database'], |
| 422 | 1 | ':table_name' => $table_expression, |
| 423 | 1 | )); |
| 424 | 1 | return $result->fetchAllKeyed(0, 0); |
| 425 | 0 | } |
| 426 | | } |
| 427 | | |
| 428 | | /** |
| 429 | | * @} End of "defgroup schemaapi". |
| 430 | | */ |
| 431 | | |
| 432 | 137 | |